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Top Electrical Engineering Interview Questions & Answers

Shalini Adhana Jul 28, 2025 1K Reads

During a job application, the candidates are usually subjected to an interview. In electrical engineering jobs, the interviews will normally involve both technical and soft skills questions. The technical questions are used by the employers to determine the knowledge and experience the applicant has that is pertinent to the job position.

However, the soft skills questions are used to determine the attitude, communication ability, and working mentality of the candidate. This blog mentions some of the most frequently used interview questions for electrical engineering job opportunities and provides suggestions on how candidates can efficiently answer them in order to increase their chances of being employed in a highly competitive job market.

Freshers Annual Package: ₹3.5 to ₹6 LPA

Electrical Engineering Questions for a Job Interview with Answers

Here are basic, intermediate, and advanced questions asked by the interviewer to check the subject knowledge of the interviewee.

Basic Electrical Engineering Interview Questions

Electrical Engineering is an exciting and continually evolving field. It is a new and stimulating field that has a set of knowledge and understanding built on the foundational theory and skills, it requires practical application, and your analytical thinking process. Whether you are a new graduate entering a new job in engineering, or an engineer moving on to a new career or seeking to expand experience, it is important to prepare for a personal interview for your electrical engineering job.

In this blog, here are electrical engineering interview questions commonly asked by recruiters across industries:

Fundamental Concepts:

How would you describe Ohm's Law?
What are Kirchhoff's Current and Voltage Laws?
What is the difference between AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current)?
What are the different types of electrical circuits?

Basic Electrical Components:

What is a capacitor and what are its common uses?
What is a diode and what is its purpose in an electrical circuit?
What is electrical resistance and why is it important?
Why is grounding important in electrical circuits?
What is an inductor and where would you typically find them used?
How does a transformer work, and what does it actually do?

Systems and Devices:

What are electrical power systems, and what do they comprise?
Can you describe electrical control systems?
What are digital circuits, and how do they function?

Motors and Generators:

What is an AC motor, and how does it work?
Describe the working principle of a DC motor.
What is an AC generator (alternator), and how is it used?
How does a DC generator operate?

Circuit Types and Characteristics:

What is an active circuit?
Define a passive circuit and give examples.
What do you understand by a series circuit?
Explain the working of a parallel circuit.
How do series and parallel circuits differ from one another?

Capacitance and Inductance:

What is capacitance, and how is it measured?
What do you mean by inductance?
What are the key differences between capacitance and inductance?

Common Components:

Define a capacitor and its role in a circuit.
What is a resistor, and how does it function?
Define an inductor and its purpose.
What is an ideal transformer, and how does it differ from a real one?

Electrical Networks:

What constitutes an active network?
What is a passive network?

Measurement Instruments:

What are the various wires in an electrical circuit, and how do you differentiate them?
What are the fundamental components of a transistor?
What is the role of a voltmeter?
How do you use an ammeter?
What is a cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) and what is it used for?
What does a wattmeter measure?
What is a power meter and what is its function?

Control Systems:

What is an open-loop control system?
Define a closed-loop control system.
How do open-loop and closed-loop systems compare?

Advanced Topics:

What does RLC current refer to in circuits?
Explain the operation of a transformer.
What is an alternator, and what is its role?
Define a generator and its applications.
How do alternators differ from generators?

Semiconductors and Electronics:

What is an intrinsic semiconductor?
How does an extrinsic semiconductor differ?
What is a laser diode, and when is it typically used?
What is an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and why is it important?

Motors and Rectifiers:

What is a two-phase motor, and where is it used?
Define a rectifier and its role in circuits.
How does a half-wave rectifier work?
What is a full-wave rectifier, and how does it differ from a half-wave version?

Analog and Digital Circuits:

What defines an analog circuit?
How is a digital circuit structured and utilized?

Intermediate Level Electrical Engineering Interview Questions

These are some intermediate-level electrical engineering interview questions that employers use to assess a candidate's knowledge with a foundation of education or experience or some combination of both. These are meant to evaluate conceptual awareness and application skills as well as experiences in the electrical engineering marketplace.

Power Systems & Machines

What is the difference between an isolator and a circuit breaker?
Why is a transformer rated in kVA and not in kW?
What are the various types of faults in a power system?
Explain the working principle of an alternator.
What causes transformer core losses, and how can they be minimized?
What is the significance of power factor correction?

Control Systems & Electronics

Define transfer function and its importance in control systems.
What is the difference between open-loop and closed-loop control systems?
Explain the Bode plot and its use in system analysis.
How do PID controllers work? Where are they used?
What is the significance of a Zener diode in voltage regulation?

AC/DC Circuits & Analysis

What is resonance in an RLC circuit, and how does it affect the system?
What is the purpose of a neutral grounding in an electrical system?
How does an RLC circuit behave at different frequencies?
What is the difference between delta and star connections?

Transmission & Distribution

What are corona losses in transmission lines, and how can they be reduced?
Why is HVDC transmission used over long distances?
What is the purpose of a lightning arrester in a substation?

Measurement & Instrumentation

How does a digital multimeter differ from an analog one?
What is the role of CT (Current Transformer) and PT (Potential Transformer) in substations?

Embedded Systems & Automation

What is the role of a microcontroller in electrical devices?
Explain the difference between a microprocessor and a microcontroller.
How is SCADA used in power system monitoring and control?

Practical Application & Safety

What safety precautions must be taken when working on live equipment?
How do you select a circuit breaker rating for a particular application?

Advanced Level Electrical Engineering Interview Questions

Here are some advanced electrical engineering interview questions generally posed to senior positions, R&D positions, PSU examinations, and during competitive technical interviews. The intent of these interview questions is to assess in-depth theoretical knowledge, practical application, design principles, and system-level knowledge of candidates.

What is a three-phase electrical system?
Explain the concept of the power factor.
Discuss the differences between a fuse and a circuit breaker.
What is an inverter, and how does it work?
How do transformers work, and what are their types?
What is the significance of a synchronous generator in power systems?
Elaborate on the concept of the electrical skin effect.
What is the role of a semiconductor in power electronics?
What are harmonics in power systems, and why are they a concern?
What are SCADA systems and their importance in electrical engineering?
How does a thyristor function in controlling power?
What is regenerative braking in electric motors?

Situation-Based Interview Questions Electrical Engineering

Below are some examples of situation-based interview questions that could be used to assess Electrical Engineering candidates. Candidates are evaluated based on their technical knowledge, soft skill capabilities and decision-making ability in a real world scenario.

Such questions are often found in interviews with PSUs, private core firms and MNCs looking to hire electrical engineers:

You have been sent out to troubleshoot a critical power failure at a manufacturing plant. What will be your strategy for identifying and solving the problem?
After testing an electrical panel, you witness unexpected voltage levels. What may be the reasoning behind this and what is your next action?
You observe a motor's speed is not uniform in a VFD-controlled environment. What are the first things you would check and why?
A generator comes up to voltage; however, it suffers from a frequency stability issue. What could possibly cause this and how could you go about fixing it?
If an insulation resistance test fails on an installation, what is your way forward for resolving this?

Tips to crack the Electrical Engineer Interview

Here are essential tips to crack an Electrical Engineer interview, whether fresher or an experienced professional:

Know the fundamentals thoroughly
Review technical projects and internships
Practice common interview questions
Demonstrate practical knowledge
Prepare for situational & behavioral questions
Work on communication skills
Keep up with industry trends

Polytechnic Diploma Holders can upgrade to a Graduation Degree

Polytechnic Diploma holders who want to study further can apply for the B.Tech for Working Professionals program. B.Tech for Working Professionals is a 3-year program designed to working professionals who wish to enhance their knowledge in the field. The program follows a hybrid mode of education, which allows learners to balance their higher studies and professional commitments.

Universities offering the B.Tech for Working Professionals Electrical Engineering program are:

B.Tech Electrical Engineering from Lingaya’s Vidyapeetha University

B.Tech Electrical Engineering from Shri Venkateshwara University

B.Tech Electrical Engineering from Sanskriti University

After completing the degree in engineering, they can apply for higher job roles like managerial and leadership roles, or they can enroll for higher education if they are interested in research and academics.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

As part of the electrical engineering interview, individuals should have a strong set of soft skills, including good communication, problem-solving, teamwork, and adaptability. Furthermore, some soft skills like time management, attention to detail, and the ability to think critically under pressure are also desirable.

In an electrical engineering job interview, candidates are asked, particularly problem-solving questions/situational questions, where questions are based on content covered in courses the user pursued, including electrical circuits, signal processing, power systems, transmissions, and a host of technical areas. Therefore, learners are encouraged to review the job description thoroughly.

When preparing for an electrical engineering interview, it is important to review some of the main concepts, including circuits, transformers, safety protocols, power systems, etc. In addition, you should practice solving technical problems, studying recent developments in electrical engineering trends. You should also prepare for scenario-based and Human Resource (HR) questions. You can also review technical soft skills such as power systems software (AutoCAD, MATLAB, etc.) and develop soft skills related to communication, teamwork, and problem-solving.

This is one of the most common questions asked by the employer. Learners can express their point of view and that the electrical engineering field is not only constantly changing with technology, but electrical engineering offers stimulating and mentally satisfying work that has the opportunity for the engineer to impact others' lives. You choose electrical engineering to be part of today's technology and to be involved in the creation of modern infrastructure for sustainability for technology solutions.